Validation of immunohistochemical quantification in confocal scanning laser microscopy: a comparative assessment of gap junction size with confocal and ultrastructural techniquesCR Green, NS Peters, RG Gourdie, S Rothery and NJ Severs Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, University College London, United Kingdom. Confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM) is increasingly being used to image antibody-labeled structures visualized with a fluorescent secondary antibody. Such digital images are routinely stored on computer and are well suited to quantitative analysis. Although theoretical aspects of CSLM imaging and resolution are well defined, information is lacking on the relationship observed between measurements of fluorescent antibody-labeled structures and the size of the same structures as determined by electron microscopy (EM). In the present study we examined this relationship for the cardiac gap junction. Data on the size of immunofluorescent-labeled gap junctions were acquired by two methods of analysis from CSLM images and compared statistically with measurements of gap junction size obtained by freeze- fracture EM. The freeze-fracture data were compared before and after exclusion of small junctions, corresponding to those that theoretically would not have been detected in CSLM analysis. The data obtained by the different methods were similar but not identical, reflecting the advantages and limitations of each technique. However, the comparison did indicate that with appropriate sample preparation and orientation, accurate and rapid analysis can be achieved by CSLM, particularly when digital semi-automated techniques are employed.
Volume 41,
Issue 9,
pp. 1339-1349,
09/01/1993
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M. L. Hubbard, W. Ying, and C. S. Henriquez Effect of gap junction distribution on impulse propagation in a monolayer of myocytes: a model study Europace, November 1, 2007; 9(suppl_6): vi20 - vi28. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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A. W. Hunter, R. J. Barker, C. Zhu, and R. G. Gourdie Zonula Occludens-1 Alters Connexin43 Gap Junction Size and Organization by Influencing Channel Accretion Mol. Biol. Cell, December 1, 2005; 16(12): 5686 - 5698. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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K. W. Hewett, L. W. Norman, D. Sedmera, R. J. Barker, C. Justus, J. Zhang, S. W. Kubalak, and R. G. Gourdie Knockout of the neural and heart expressed gene HF-1b results in apical deficits of ventricular structure and activation Cardiovasc Res, August 15, 2005; 67(3): 548 - 560. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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S. Kostin, S. Dammer, S. Hein, W. P Klovekorn, E. P Bauer, and J. Schaper Connexin 43 expression and distribution in compensated and decompensated cardiac hypertrophy in patients with aortic stenosis Cardiovasc Res, May 1, 2004; 62(2): 426 - 436. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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A. M. Luciano, S. Modina, R. Vassena, E. Milanesi, A. Lauria, and F. Gandolfi Role of Intracellular Cyclic Adenosine 3',5'-Monophosphate Concentration and Oocyte-Cumulus Cells Communications on the Acquisition of the Developmental Competence During In Vitro Maturation of Bovine Oocyte Biol Reprod, February 1, 2004; 70(2): 465 - 472. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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N. M. Rummery, H. Hickey, G. McGurk, and C. E. Hill Connexin37 Is the Major Connexin Expressed in the Media of Caudal Artery Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., September 1, 2002; 22(9): 1427 - 1432. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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P. Kanagaratnam, S. Rothery, P. Patel, N. J. Severs, and N. S. Peters Relative expression of immunolocalized connexins 40 and 43 correlates with human atrial conduction properties J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., January 2, 2002; 39(1): 116 - 123. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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H. Honjo, M. R Boyett, S. R Coppen, Y. Takagishi, T. Opthof, N. J Severs, and I. Kodama Heterogeneous expression of connexins in rabbit sinoatrial node cells: correlation between connexin isotype and cell size Cardiovasc Res, January 1, 2002; 53(1): 89 - 96. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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H.-I Yeh, H.-M. Chang, W.-W. Lu, Y.-N. Lee, Y.-S. Ko, N. J. Severs, and C.-H. Tsai Age-related Alteration of Gap Junction Distribution and Connexin Expression in Rat Aortic Endothelium J. Histochem. Cytochem., October 1, 2000; 48(10): 1377 - 1390. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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H.-I Yeh, Y.-J. Lai, H.-M. Chang, Y.-S. Ko, N. J. Severs, and C.-H. Tsai Multiple Connexin Expression in Regenerating Arterial Endothelial Gap Junctions Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., July 1, 2000; 20(7): 1753 - 1762. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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H. J. Jongsma and R. Wilders Gap Junctions in Cardiovascular Disease Circ. Res., June 23, 2000; 86(12): 1193 - 1197. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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N. S. Peters and A. L. Wit Myocardial Architecture and Ventricular Arrhythmogenesis Circulation, May 5, 1998; 97(17): 1746 - 1754. [Full Text] [PDF] |
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R. R. Kaprielian, M. Gunning, E. Dupont, M. N. Sheppard, S. M. Rothery, R. Underwood, D. J. Pennell, K. Fox, J. Pepper, P. A. Poole-Wilson, et al. Downregulation of Immunodetectable Connexin43 and Decreased Gap Junction Size in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Hibernation in the Human Left Ventricle Circulation, February 24, 1998; 97(7): 651 - 660. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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H.-I Yeh, F. Lupu, E. Dupont, and N. J. Severs Upregulation of Connexin43 Gap Junctions Between Smooth Muscle Cells After Balloon Catheter Injury in the Rat Carotid Artery Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., November 1, 1997; 17(11): 3174 - 3184. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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H. Makarenkova, D.L. Becker, C. Tickle, and A.E. Warner Fibroblast Growth Factor 4 Directs Gap Junction Expression in the Mesenchyme of the Vertebrate Limb Bud J. Cell Biol., September 8, 1997; 138(5): 1125 - 1137. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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N. S. Peters, J. Coromilas, N. J. Severs, and A. L. Wit Disturbed Connexin43 Gap Junction Distribution Correlates With the Location of Reentrant Circuits in the Epicardial Border Zone of Healing Canine Infarcts That Cause Ventricular Tachycardia Circulation, February 18, 1997; 95(4): 988 - 996. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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B. D. Angst, L. U.R. Khan, N. J. Severs, K. Whitely, S. Rothery, R. P. Thompson, A. I. Magee, and R. G. Gourdie Dissociated Spatial Patterning of Gap Junctions and Cell Adhesion Junctions During Postnatal Differentiation of Ventricular Myocardium Circ. Res., January 1, 1997; 80(1): 88 - 94. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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J. P. Blackburn, N. S. Peters, H.-I. Yeh, S. Rothery, C. R. Green, and N. J. Severs Upregulation of Connexin43 Gap Junctions During Early Stages of Human Coronary Atherosclerosis Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., August 1, 1995; 15(8): 1219 - 1228. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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S. Kostin and J. Schaper Tissue-Specific Patterns of Gap Junctions in Adult Rat Atrial and Ventricular Cardiomyocytes In Vivo and In Vitro Circ. Res., May 11, 2001; 88(9): 933 - 939. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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