Fluorescent conjugates of brefeldin A selectively stain the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex of living cellsY Deng, JR Bennink, HC Kang, RP Haugland and JW Yewdell Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. The fungal metabolite brefeldin A (BFA) interferes with vesicular trafficking in most animal cells. To gain insight into the mechanism of BFA action, we esterified it to the fluorophore, boron dipyromethene difluoride (BODIPY). BODIPY-BEA localized predominantly in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi complex of viable cells and was extracted by detergent treatment, suggesting it interacts primarily with lipid bilayers. The localization of the conjugate is conferred by BFA, since free BODIPY or BODIPY esterified to cyclopentanol did not specifically localize to internal membranes. BODIPY-BFA exhibited a similar biological activity to BFA, but only when used at higher concentrations and after a delay. HPLC analysis revealed that over this period, cells converted BODIPY-BFA to species co-eluting with free BODIPY and BFA. Therefore, BODIPY-BFA is probably inactive until BFA is released by cellular esterases. The specific localization of BODIPY-BFA to the ER and Golgi complex suggests that BFA might exert its effects on vesicular trafficking by perturbing the lipid bilayer of its target organelles. Because BODIPY-BFA intensely stains the ER at concentrations that have no discernible effects on intracellular transport or other cellular functions, it should be useful for visualizing the ER in living cells.
Volume 43,
Issue 9,
pp. 907-915,
09/01/1995
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C.-Y. Yu, Y.-W. Hsu, C.-L. Liao, and Y.-L. Lin Flavivirus Infection Activates the XBP1 Pathway of the Unfolded Protein Response To Cope with Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress J. Virol., December 1, 2006; 80(23): 11868 - 11880. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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H. X. Wang, R. R. Weerasinghe, T. D. Perdue, N. G. Cakmakci, J. P. Taylor, W. F. Marzluff, and A. M. Jones A Golgi-localized Hexose Transporter Is Involved in Heterotrimeric G Protein-mediated Early Development in Arabidopsis Mol. Biol. Cell, October 1, 2006; 17(10): 4257 - 4269. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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F. Vanden Abeele, G. Bidaux, D. Gordienko, B. Beck, Y. V. Panchin, A. V. Baranova, D. V. Ivanov, R. Skryma, and N. Prevarskaya Functional implications of calcium permeability of the channel formed by pannexin 1 J. Cell Biol., August 14, 2006; 174(4): 535 - 546. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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J. Lazar, D. C. Braun, A. Toth, Y. Wang, L. V. Pearce, V. A. Pavlyukovets, P. M. Blumberg, S. H. Garfield, S. Wincovitch, H.-K. Choi, et al. Kinetics of Penetration Influence the Apparent Potency of Vanilloids on TRPV1 Mol. Pharmacol., April 1, 2006; 69(4): 1166 - 1173. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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K. Oh-hashi, Y. Naruse, F. Amaya, G. Shimosato, and M. Tanaka Cloning and Characterization of a Novel GRP78-binding Protein in the Rat Brain J. Biol. Chem., March 14, 2003; 278(12): 10531 - 10537. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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K. Asai, T. Hirabayashi, T. Houjou, N. Uozumi, R. Taguchi, and T. Shimizu Human Group IVC Phospholipase A2 (cPLA2gamma ). ROLES IN THE MEMBRANE REMODELING AND ACTIVATION INDUCED BY OXIDATIVE STRESS J. Biol. Chem., February 28, 2003; 278(10): 8809 - 8814. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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N. Thieblemont and S. D. Wright Transport of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide to the Golgi Apparatus J. Exp. Med., August 16, 1999; 190(4): 523 - 534. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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J. Barsony, I. Renyi, and W. McKoy Subcellular Distribution of Normal and Mutant Vitamin D Receptors in Living Cells. STUDIES WITH A NOVEL FLUORESCENT LIGAND J. Biol. Chem., February 28, 1997; 272(9): 5774 - 5782. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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