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Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, Vol. 45, 711-720, Copyright © 1997 by The Histochemical Society, Inc.

ARTICLE

Apoptosis and Proliferation of Fibroblasts During Postnatal Skin Development and Scleroderma in the Tight-skin Mouse

José L. Pablosa, Patricia E. Carreiraa, Lourdes Serranoa, Pedro Del Castillob, and Juan J. Gomez-Reinoa
a Servicio de Reumatología y Unidad de Investigación, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
b Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain

Correspondence to: José L. Pablos, Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain.

Tight-skin (Tsk) is a dominant gene mutation that causes a fibrotic skin disease in mice, similar to human scleroderma. Both conditions are characterized by increased numbers of dermal fibroblasts containing high levels of procollagen mRNA. Whether this fibroblast population arises from fibroblast growth or fibroblast transcriptional activation is debated. Proliferation and apoptosis of fibroblasts of normal and Tsk mice were studied in skin sections before, at onset, and in established fibrosis. Tissue sections were immu-nostained with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) as proliferation marker. Apoptosis was investigated by in situ end-labeling of fragmented DNA and nuclear staining with propidium iodide. The expression of the apoptosis inhibitor Bcl-2 was investigated by immunohistochemistry. We demonstrate differences in fibroblast proliferation and apoptosis related to postnatal skin growth and development. Neonatal skin exhibits the highest levels of proliferation and apoptosis in fibroblasts. In contrast, low proliferation and absence of apoptosis characterizes adult fibroblasts. Skin fibroblasts express Bcl-2 only in newborns, and at other ages Bcl-2 was restricted to epithelial cells. Our results also suggest that neither increased fibroblast proliferation nor defective apoptosis accounts for the fibrotic phenotype of Tsk. Therefore, transcriptional activation of extracellular matrix genes appears more relevant in the pathogenesis of Tsk fibrosis. (J Histochem Cytochem 45:711-719, 1997)

Key Words: fibroblast, skin, proliferation, apoptosis, scleroderma, Bcl-2, PCNA, TUNEL


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