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Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, Vol. 46, 1443-1454, December 1998, Copyright © 1998, The Histochemical Society, Inc.

ARTICLE

Characterization of Immunocompetent Cells in the Diseased Canine Periodontium

Michael Christgaua,d, Raul G. Caffessea, J. Robert Newlandb, Gottfried Schmalzd, and Rena N. D'Souzac
a Department of Stomatology, Divisions of Periodontics, Dental Branch, University of Texas at Houston Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
b Oral Pathology, Dental Branch, University of Texas at Houston Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
c Department of Basic Sciences, Dental Branch, University of Texas at Houston Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
d Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany

Correspondence to: Michael Christgau, DMD, Dr. Med. Dent., Dept. of Stomatology, Div. of Periodontics, Dental Branch, U. of Texas Health Science Center, 6516 John Freeman Ave., Rm. 307, Houston, TX 77030..

The beagle dog with naturally occurring periodontal disease is one of the most widely used animal models in periodontal research for histological studies on disease pathogenesis and on the effect of potential therapeutic regimens. However, previous studies were restricted to morphological assessment of immunocompetent cells because of the lack of available cell-specific markers. In this study we systematically characterized the specificity and immunoreactivity of a panel of anti-human antibodies for identification (ABC method) of immunocompetent cells in formalin-fixed, EDTA-decalcified, paraffin-embedded inflamed periodontal tissues obtained from six beagle dogs. Canine lymph nodes and a panel of different human tissues served as positive controls. Polyclonal anti-CD3 immunolabeled canine T-lymphocytes specifically. Anti-CD79{alpha} (clone HM57) reacted with B-lymphocytes and plasma cells, and CD79{alpha} (clone JCP117) showed no staining in canine tissues. Neutrophils, monocytes, small macrophages, and keratinocytes reacted with an anti-myeloid/histiocyte antibody (clone MAC387). Anti-CD68 (clones PG-M1 and EBM11) immunolabeled large macrophages and plasma cells. Clone EBM11 also stained osteoclasts and cementoclasts. With the exception of JCB117, all antibodies revealed similarly favorable immunolabeling of canine and human immunocompetent cells. Long-term EDTA decalcification appeared to weaken immunostaining of plasma cells with HM57. MAC387 and CD68 can be used to distinguish macrophages in different differentiation stages in canine periodontal tissues. (J Histochem Cytochem 46:1443–1454, 1998)

Key Words: immunohistochemistry, dogs, periodontal disease, macrophages, monocytes, T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes, plasma cells, neutrophils, osteoclasts


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