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Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, Vol. 46, 361-370, Copyright © 1998, The Histochemical Society, Inc.

ARTICLE

Clusters of Perifollicular Macrophages in Normal Murine Skin: Physiological Degeneration of Selected Hair Follicles by Programmed Organ Deletion

Stefan Eichmüllera, Carina van der Veena, Ingrid Mollb, Barbara Hermesa, Udo Hofmanna, Sven Müller-Rövera, and Ralf Pausa
a Department of Dermatology, Charité, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
b Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Eppendorf, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany

Correspondence to: Ralf Paus, Humboldt-Universität, Charité, Dept. of Dermatology, D-10117 Berlin, Germany.

In back skin sections from adolescent C57BL/6 mice, regularly distributed, perifollicular inflammatory cell clusters (PICC) were found located around the distal noncycling portion of about 2% of all hair follicles examined. The PICC and the affected hair follicles were characterized during spontaneously developed or induced hair cycle stages, using antibodies against MHC Class II,F4/80, ER-MP23, NLDC 145, CD4, CD8, {gamma}{delta}TCR, IL-1 receptor, and ICAM-1. PICC consisted predominantly of macrophages (MAC), accompanied by a few CD4+ cells, whereas {gamma}{delta}TCR+ and CD8+ cells were absent. During anagen and catagen, some of the PICC+ hair follicles showed variable degenerative phenomena reminiscent of scarring alopecia: thickened basement membrane, ectopic MHC II expression, MAC infiltration into the follicle epithelium, and signs of keratinocyte apoptosis. Loss of distal outer root sheath keratinocytes was detected in 10% of PICC+ hair follicles (0.2% of all hair follicles). Because PICC were located in the vicinity of the bulge region, MAC-dependent damage to follicle stem cells might eventually lead to follicle degeneration. These perifollicular MAC clusters around selected hair follicles may indicate the existence of a physiological program of MAC-dependent controlled follicle degeneration by which damaged or malfunctioning follicles are removed by programmed organ deletion (POD). (J Histochem Cytochem 46:361–370, 1998)

Key Words: hair cycle, inflammation, alopecia, macrophage, lymphocyte, MHC Class II, ICAM-1, apoptosis


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