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Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, Vol. 49, 313-322, March 2001, Copyright © 2001, The Histochemical Society, Inc.

ARTICLE

Immunohistochemical Localization of Laminin and Fibronectin Isoforms in Human Placental Villi

Matti Korhonena,b and Ismo Virtanenb
a Helsinki University Central Hospital, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki, Finland
b Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Correspondence to: Matti Korhonen, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital, FIN-00290 Helsinki, Finland. E-mail: matti.korhonen@helsinki.fi

We studied the localization of laminin {alpha}1, {alpha}2, {alpha}3, {alpha}5, {beta}1, {beta}2, and {gamma}1 chains and extradomain A- (EDA), EDB-, and oncofetal fibronectin by immunohistochemistry in human placental villi during placental development. The laminin {alpha}2, {alpha}5, {beta}1, {beta}2, and {gamma}1 chains were detected in the trophoblastic basement membrane (BM) at all stages of gestation, suggesting the presence of laminin-2, -4, -10, and -11 trimers. The laminin {alpha}1 chain was selectively found at sites where the villous BM was in contact with proliferating cells in trophoblastic islands or columns. EDA-Fn, but not other Fn isoforms, was found in the trophoblastic BM during the first trimester. The laminin {alpha}2, {beta}1, {beta}2, and {gamma}1 chains were detected in the villous stroma and capillaries throughout placental development, while the laminin {alpha}5 chain emerged distinctly during development. Extensive EDA-Fn immunoreactivity was found in first-trimester villous stroma, but distinctly fewer Fn isoforms were seen in the villous stroma during the later stages of gestation. Our results also suggest that, during the formation of new villi, laminins are not found in trophoblastic sprouts before the ingrowth of the villous mesenchyme. Rather, laminins may be deposited at the villous epithelial–mesenchymal interface. Furthermore, the results show that distinct changes occur in the localization of various laminin and Fn isoforms during the maturation of villous trophoblastic and capillary BMs. (J Histochem Cytochem 49:313–322, 2001)

Key Words: placenta, laminin, fibronectin, basement membrane, extracellular matrix proteins, immunohistochemistry, human


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