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Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, Vol. 49, 711-726, June 2001, Copyright © 2001, The Histochemical Society, Inc.

ARTICLE

Comparative Analysis of the Distribution of Laminin Chains in the Basement Membranes in Some Malignant Epithelial Tumors: The {alpha}1 Chain of Laminin Shows a Selected Expression Pattern in Human Carcinomas

Marko Määttäa, Ismo Virtanenb, Robert Burgesonc, and Helena Autio–Harmainena
a Department of Pathology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
b Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
c Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts

Correspondence to: Marko Määttä, Dept. of Pathology, PO Box 5000 (Aapistie 5), 90014 University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.

Laminins (Ln), together with Type IV collagen and nidogen-1, form the structural integrity of the basement membranes (BM). In this study we used immunohistochemistry to show the distribution of laminin chains {alpha}1, {alpha}3, {alpha}5, ß1, ß2, ß3, {gamma}1, {gamma}2, as well as Type IV collagen, in various types of carcinomas and in normal tissues. Except for diffuse gastric carcinomas and infiltrative breast carcinomas, the malignant epithelial tumor clusters were surrounded by quite a continuous BM in most tumors. These BMs comprised most abundantly Ln {alpha}5, ß1, and {gamma}1 chains. Conversely, the Ln {alpha}1 chain, a component of laminins-1 and -3, showed the most restricted distribution in BMs of both normal tissues and malignancies, being moderately present in carcinomas of thyroid gland and ovary and in intraductal carcinomas of breast. In other types of carcinomas, immunoreactivity for Ln {alpha}1 chain was found more randomly and was practically negative in carcinomas of tongue, stomach, and colon. These findings were comparable to those observed by in situ hybridization, which showed that carcinomas of thyroid gland and intraductal carcinomas of breast constitutively expressed Ln {alpha}1 mRNA and that the epithelial tumor cells were the main producers of it. The results suggest that epithelial malignancies, except for infiltrative breast and diffuse gastric carcinomas, produce more notable amounts of BM macromolecules in their growth substratum than has previously been anticipated. Corroborating their widespread distribution in normal epithelial tissues, the chains of Lns-5 and -10 are the most abundant Ln molecules in the corresponding carcinomas. (J Histochem Cytochem 49:711–725, 2001)

Key Words: carcinoma, invasion, laminin, immunohistochemistry


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