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Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, Vol. 50, 519-526, April 2002, Copyright © 2002, The Histochemical Society, Inc.

ARTICLE

Distribution of Melatonin MT1 Receptor Immunoreactivity in Human Retina

Egemen Savaskana, Anna Wirz–Justiceb, Gianfranco Olivieria, Mona Pachec, Kurt Kräuchib, Lena Brydond, Ralf Jockersd, Franz Müller–Spahna, and Peter Meyerc
a Department of Gerontopsychiatry, Paris, France
b Center for Chronobiology, Paris, France
c Psychiatric University Clinic and University Eye Clinic, Paris, France
d Basel, Switzerland, and Institut Cochin de Génétique Moléculaire, Paris, France

Correspondence to: Egemen Savaskan, Dept. of Psychiatry, University of Basel, Wilhelm Klein-Str.27, CH-4025 Basel, Switzerland. E-mail: esavaskan@datacomm.ch

Melatonin is synthesized in the pineal gland and retina during the night. Retinal melatonin is believed to be involved in local cellular modulation and in regulation of light-induced entrainment of circadian rhythms. The present study provides the first immunohistochemical evidence for the localization of melatonin 1a-receptor (MT1) in human retina of aged subjects. Ganglion, amacrine, and photoreceptor cells expressed MT1. In addition, MT1 immunoreactivity was localized to cell processes in the inner plexiform layer and to central vessels of the retina, as well as to retinal vessels but not to ciliary or choroidal vessels. These results support a variety of cellular and vascular effects of melatonin in the human retina. Preliminary evidence from patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) revealed increased MT1 immunoreactivity in ganglion and amacrine cells, as well as in vessels. In AD cases photoreceptor cells were degenerated and showed low MT1 expression.

(J Histochem Cytochem 50:519–525, 2002)

Key Words: melatonin MT1 receptor, retina, ganglion cell, photoreceptor, amacrine cell, vessels, Alzheimer's disease


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