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Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, Vol. 50, 983-992, July 2002, Copyright © 2002, The Histochemical Society, Inc.

ARTICLE

Cellular Pathway of Plasmids Vectorized by Cholesterol-based Cationic Liposomes

Dominique Brianea,c, Denis Lesagea, An Caoa, Robert Couderta,b, Nicole Lievred, Jean Loup Salzmannd, and Eliane Taillandiera
a Laboratoire de Chimie Structurale et Spectroscopie Biomoléculaire, CNRS UPRES-A 7031, UFR SMBH (Santé, Médecine et Biologie Humaine), Université Paris XIII, Bobigny, France
b Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Interfaces et des Milieux Réactionnels, PIMIR, EA 2098, Faculté des Sciences, Tours, France
c Laboratoire d'Oncologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, EA 2360, Université Paris XIII, UFR SMBH, Bobigny, France
d Laboratoire Biotherapies: Benefices et Risques, EA 3410, UFR SMBH, Université Paris XIII, Bobigny, France

Correspondence to: An Cao, Laboratoire de Chimie Structurale et Spectroscopie Biomoléculaire, CNRS UMR 7033, UFR de Médecine, Université Paris XIII, 74 rue Marcel Cachin, F93017 Bobigny Cedex, France. E-mail: cao@smbh.univ-paris13.fr

We investigated by transmission electron microscopy the cellular route in tumor MCF7 cells of DNA labeled with digoxigenin, carried by cationic liposomes (Lip+) prepared from TMAEC-Chol [3ß(N-(N',N',N'-trimethylaminoethane)-carbamoyl)cholesterol iodide] and TEAPC-Chol [3ß(N-(N',N',N'-triethylaminopropane)-carbamoyl)cholesterol iodide], two cholesterol-based cationic lipids containing a quaternary ammonium. In a previous work we showed the pathway of cationic lipid/plasmid complexes from the beginning of endocytosis until their entry into the perinuclear area. Beyond this limit, unlabeled exogenous plasmids cannot be distinguished with nuclear DNA. This work dealt with the cellular fate of cationic liposome-vectorized plasmids labeled with digoxigenin using an immunogold procedure. Early after the beginning of transfection (30 min, 1 hr, 5 hr), gold particles were observed only in the cytoplasm and in endosome-like vesicles, whereas after 24 hr gold particles were densely present in the nucleus. These results demonstrate the nuclear localization of plasmids vectorized by the cationic liposomes used. The results are discussed in comparison with transfection efficiency measurements.

(J Histochem Cytochem 50:983–991, 2002)

Key Words: cationic lipids, plasmids, MCF7 cells, digoxigenin, immunogold electron, microscopy, gene transfer


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