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Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, Vol. 51, 421-428, April 2003, Copyright © 2003, The Histochemical Society, Inc.

REVIEW

Role of Myosin II in Axon Outgrowth

Jacquelyn Browna and Paul C. Bridgmana
a Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri

Correspondence to: Paul C. Bridgman, Washington U. School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St Louis, MO 63110. E-mail: bridgmap@pcg.wustl.edu

The initial stages of nerve outgrowth carried out by growth cones occur in three fundamental cyclic steps. Each of these steps appears to require myosin II activity to variable degrees. The steps include the following: (a) exploration, involving extensions and retractions that are driven and controlled by the interaction of actin retrograde flow and polymerization; (b) adhesion of new extensions to the substrate, which has been shown to be mediated by complex interactions between extracellular matrix proteins, cell adhesion proteins, and the actin cytoskeleton; and (c) traction force generated during forward advance of the growth cone, resulting in the production of tension on the neurite.

(J Histochem Cytochem 51:421–428, 2003)

Key Words: growth cone, actin, cytoskeleton, neuron


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