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Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, Vol. 51, 951-958, July 2003, Copyright © 2003, The Histochemical Society, Inc.

ARTICLE

Spatial Distribution Analysis of AT- and GC-rich Regions in Nuclei Using Corrected Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer

Shin-ichi Murataa, Petr Hermanb, Kunio Mochizukia, Tadao Nakazawaa, Tetsuo Kondoa, Nobuki Nakamuraa, Joseph R. Lakowiczc, and Ryohei Katoha
a Department of Pathology, University of Yamanashi Medical University School of Medicine, Yamanishi, Japan
b Institute of Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
c Center for Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland at Baltimore School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland

Correspondence to: Shin-ichi Murata, Dept. of Pathology, U. of Yamanashi School of Medicine, 1110 Shimokato, Tamaho-cho Nakakoma-gun, Yamanashi, Japan, 409-3898. E-mail: smurata@res.yamanashi-med.ac.jp

We employed microscopic intensity-based fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) images with correction by donor and acceptor concentrations to obtain unbiased maps of spatial distribution of the AT- and GC-rich DNA regions in nuclei. FRET images of 137 bovine aortic endothelial cells stained by the AT-specific donor Hoechst 33258 and the GC-specific acceptor 7-aminoactinomycin D were acquired and corrected for the donor and acceptor concentrations by the Gordon's method based on the three fluorescence filter sets. The corrected FRET images were quantitatively analyzed by texture analysis to correlate the spatial distribution of the AT- and GC-rich DNA regions with different phases of the cell cycle. Both visual observation and quantitative texture analysis revealed an increased number and size of the low FRET efficiency centers for cells in the G2/M-phases, compared to the G1-phase cells. We have detected cell cycle-dependent changes of the spatial organization and separation of the AT- and GC-rich DNA regions. Using the corrected FRET (cFRET) technique, we were able to detect early DNA separation stages in late interphase nuclei. (J Histochem Cytochem 51:951–958, 2003)

Key Words: corrected FRET, fluorescence resonance energy, transfer, texture analysis, DNA, Hoechst 33258, 7-aminoactinomycin D, cell cycle


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