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Germinal Center Dendritic Cells Express More ICAM-1 Than Extrafollicular Dendritic Cells and ICAM-1/LFA-1 Interactions are Involved in the Capacity of Dendritic Cells to Induce PBMCs Proliferation

Jean-Jacques Goval, Roland Greimers, Jacques Boniver and Laurence de Leval

Department of Pathology, University of Liege, CHU of Liege, Liege, Belgium

Correspondence to: Laurence de Leval, MD, PhD, Department of Pathology (Prof. J. Boniver), CHU Sart-Tilman, B23 Tour de Pathologie, (+1) B-4000, Liège, Belgium. E-mail: L.deLeval{at}ulg.ac.be

Germinal center dendritic cells (GCDCs) have been identified as CD11c⁺ CD4⁺ CD3^– cells located in GCs with the ability of inducing marked proliferation of allogenic T cells. Using immunofluorescence techniques, we have observed that this CD11c⁺ CD4⁺ CD3^– immunophenotype identified GCDCs but also a subset of extrafollicular DCs. By flow cytometry, we were able to discriminate the GCDCs (CD11c^high CD4^high lin^–) from the other tonsil DCs. By immunofluorescence and flow cytometry, we found that dendritic cells of germinal centers express more intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) (CD54) than extrafollicular dendritic cells. Proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) induced by coculture with purified CD11c⁺ CD4⁺ CD3^– DCs was reduced by addition of blocking anti-CD54 antibodies. In summary, distinct levels of ICAM-1 expression allow the distinction between GCDCs and extrafollicular DCs, and cellular interactions mediated by CD54 are likely to play a role in the capacity of GCDC to stimulate allogenic PBMC proliferation. (J Histochem Cytochem 54:75–84, 2006)

Key Words: germinal center dendritic cells • human tonsils • ICAM-1 • CD54 • immunofluorescence • flow cytometry

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